蟑螂又名蜚蠊，属昆虫纲蜚蠊目。目前已知有5000余种，分家栖和野栖两类。主要危害种群有美洲大蠊、澳洲大蠊、褐班大蠊、德国小蠊，以美洲大蠊为优势种。蟑螂对人类的健康影响很大，它能携带四十多种使人类致病的病毒、细菌，主要的有鼠疫杆菌、霍乱弧菌、志贺氏杆菌、沙门氏菌、绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌等疾病。此外，蟑螂还污染商品、工业品、食物等。
Cockroach is also called dictyoptera and belongs to blattaria of insecta. Up to now, 5000 species have been discovered. The harmful species are mainly periplaneta Americana, periplaneta Australasiae, speckle periplaneta and blattella Germanica. Among which, periplaneta Americana is a dominant species. Cockroach does great harm to people's health. It carries more than 40 kinds of virus and bacteria, mainly including bacillus pestis, comma bacillus, salmonella, bacillus pyocyaneus, staphylococcus aureus and pneumococcus, etc. Besides, cockroach also pollutes commodities, industrial products and food, etc.
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澳洲大蠊? Australian Cockroach |
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| 巴西蟑螂? Brazilian Cockroach |
The metamorphosis of cockroach |
蟑螂雌雄的区分：雄虫体形比较瘦小，细长，翅发达至尾端，具有腹刺；雌虫翅较短，无腹刺。
How to distinguish male and female cockroaches: Male cockroach is relatively thinner but longer, with a ventral spine and fully developed wings reaching the rear; Female has shorter wings and no ventral spine.
美洲大蠊（Periplaneta Americana）：是室内最大的蟑螂，体长25-40毫米，雌虫与雄虫大概等大，雌虫较粗壮，体呈红褐色有黄色边缘，前胸背板有一褐色碟状斑，斑的中线有一小尾向后延伸，中线前方有一“T”形黄色条纹，成虫翅发达，雄虫的超出腹端。
American cockroach：The largest in-house cockroach with body length of 25-40mm. The male ones and female ones are about the same size, but the latter look fatter. Body in brownish red, with yellow brim. There is a brown disk-shaped spot on the front back and the central line of the spot extends to the rear, with a T-shaped yellow stripe at the front end of the central line. The imago has strong wings and the female's wings go beyond the end of the abdomen.
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